南通皮肤科

常用临床医学法文术语

2022-02-21 12:15:56 来源:南通皮肤科 咨询医生

diseases 疾患病

acute diseases 急性患病

advanced diseases 患病沉重期,晚期疾患病

chronic diseases慢性患病

communicable diseases 传染患病

complicating diseases 并发患病

congenital diseases 先天性疾患病

acquired diseases 后天性疾患病

contagious diseases接触性传染患病

endemic diseases 地方患病

epidemic diseases 流行患病

functional diseases 功能患病、官能患病

infectious diseases 传染患病

inherited diseases 遗传患病

malignant diseases恶性患病

nutritional diseases 营养患病

occupation diseases 职业患病

organic diseases 器质性患病

paroxysmal diseases 阵发性患病

periodical diseases 短周期患病

primary(principal)diseases原发(分庭抗礼)患病

secondary diseases 紧接发患病

sexual(venereal, social)diseases 性患病

terminal diseases 绝症

wasting diseases 消耗性疾患病chief complaint 主诉

clinical manifestation 临床表现

delivery history 受孕两书

etiology患病因学

family history 家族两书

history, medical history 患病两书

precipitating(induced)诱因

marital status一家之主

menstrual history 受孕两书

menarche 初潮

menopause闭经

past history既往两书

pathogenesis 发患病机制

personal history 一个人两书symptoms 瘙痒

cardinal symptom 主要瘙痒

classical symptom 类似于瘙痒

concomitant symptom 伴发瘙痒

constitutional(systemic) symptom 全身瘙痒

indirect symptom 间接瘙痒

induced symptom 诱发瘙痒

local symptom 局部瘙痒

mental symptom人格瘙痒

symptom-complex (syndrome)symptom 症,症候群

signs临床表现西

antecedent 前置征西

assident (accessory) 副征西

commemorative 创伤

sign of death 死征西

diagnostic治疗征西

sign of disease 患病征西

subjective 难免征西,认知征西

vein sign背膜征西vital sign 灵魂临床表现西

body length (height of the body) 身材矮小

body weight 体型

barrel chest 桶状胸

cachexia 恶患病质

compulsive position 同样

critical facies 患病重面容

emaciation 消瘦

enophthalmos 眼部下陷

entropion 睑内翻

exophthalmos 眼部突出

flushed face 面色潮红

gain (loss) in weight 增加(加重)体型

lock-jaw 牙关紧闭

lordosis 颈椎前凸

nasal ala flap 鼻翼扇动

nystagmus 眼震

obesity 肥胖

pallor 看上去

scolisis 颈椎侧凸

agitation 焦急担忧

debility, weakness 虚弱

diaphoresis 咳嗽,大量咳嗽

dizziness, vertigo 眩晕

lassitude, fatigue 只得,倦怠

malaise 不适

night sweat 盗汗

numbness 麻木

rigor, chill 寒冷,发冷

perspiration, sweating 咳嗽

pruritus, itching 痒,

somasthenia 形体只得

tingling 麻刺更让人abscess 阑尾炎

acidosis 中水肿

adhesion 粘连

alkalosis 碱中毒

allergy 过敏中间体

coagulation defect 凝血不好

congestion 充血

dehydration 脱中水

distention 变小

edema 中水肿

embolism 栓塞,栓塞形成

fluid and electrolyte imbalance 中水电解质紊乱

gangrene 中水泡

hematoma 血肿

hemorrhage, bleeding 肿胀

infarction 梗塞,梗死

infection 传染

inflammation 发炎

ketoacidosis 甲基中水肿

metastasis 分散

perforation 中空

necrosis 坏死

shock 性传染病

response 中间体,应答

reaction 中间体,更让人应

thrombosis 恶性肿瘤

ulceration 病变fever, pyrexia 发烧,发光

continuous fever 稽留圣万桑

intermittent fever 间歇圣万桑

low-grade fever 低圣万桑

remittent fever 驰张圣万桑

relapsing fever 回归圣万桑pain 满身

burning pain 灼满身

chest(flank,…) pain 胸(胁背…)满身

cramp-like pain 痉挛性满身

dull, diffused pain IgA钝满身

pleuritic pain 胸膜炎性满身

radiating pain (pain radiating to…) 辐射线性满身(辐射线到…瘙痒)angina 绞满身

cardiac angina 心绞满身

backache 背满身

colic 绞满身,急背满身

earache 耳满身

headache 头满身

neuralgia 神经满身

migraine 全身性

rebound tenderness 反跳满身

somatalgia 形体满身

sore throat 咽喉满身

stomachache 胃满身

toothache 牙满身

bloody sputum 带血的腹痛

cough 咳嗽

dry cough 先为咳

expectoration 咳腹痛

expectoration of blood 咳嗽

hemoptysis 咳嗽anoxia 缺氧

apnea 颤动无限期,失血过多

asthma 一气喘,哮喘

Cheyne Stokes respiration 博-斯氏颤动,潮式颤动

dyspnea 颤动困难

hyperpnea hyperventilation 主因颤动,换一气主因

hypopnea 颤动不全, 颤动浅表

hypoxia 低氧,缺氧

orthopnea 端坐颤动

respiratory arrest 颤动停止

suffocation 失血过多

tachypnea 颤动急促

fetid breath 口臭

fruity breath 颤动有中水果味arrhythmia 心绞痛,心律不齐

atelectasis 肺不张,肺变小不全

cardiac arrest 心搏骤停

cardiac hypertrophy 胸腔肥大

cyanosis 发绀,青紫

distension of jugular vein 颈背膜怒张

extrasystole 期外挤压

gallop rhythm 奔马律

hemopleura 血胸

hepatojugular reflux 肝颈背膜回流

hypovolemia (反向)血容量减少

palpitation 咳嗽

tachycardia 心动过速

pneumothorax 一气胸

thrill 震颤

absent breath sounds 颤动读法消失

dull sound 浊读法

hyperresonant 鼓读法

rale 豁读法

rhonchus, rhonchi 鼾读法,先为豁读法

wheeze 哮鸣读法anorexia, loss of appetite 食欲不振,厌食

dysphagia 吞咽困难

eructation 嗳一气

belching 嗳一气

flatulence 一气胀

flatus 肉胃一气,屁

gaseous distention 胃胀一气

hematemesis 呕血

hiccough, hiccup 打呃,呃逆

nausea 恶心

pyrosis 胃灼圣万桑

regurgitation 反胃,回流

thirsty 口渴

vomiting 恶心

fissure, crack in the c 肛裂

ascites 背中水

board-like rigidity of the abdomen 板状背

decreased tactile fremitus 触觉性震颤减弱

exophageal varices 十二指肉背膜曲张

fistula 瘘,瘘管

hemorrhoid 痔

hernia 疝

hepatomegaly 肝肿大

intussusception 肉套叠

jaundice 中水肿

muscle guarding, defence of the abdominal wall 背壁肌卫

peristalsis 恶心

loss of peristalsis 恶心消失

mass peristalsis 总恶心

retrograde (reversed) peristalsis 逆恶心

prolapse 脱垂

prolapse of anus 脱肛

rectal prolapse 小肉脱垂,脱肛

volvulus 肉扭转calculus 患病变, 石

biliary calculus 胆患病变

vesical calculus 膀胱患病变constipation 嗜睡

defecation 恶心

diarrhea 背泻

incontinence of feces 大便失禁

hematochezia 便血

fecal impaction 大便嵌塞

occult blood 潜血

painful straining with defecation 恶心满身性牵动

clay colored stools 陶土色便

dark, granular/coffee ground emesis 咖啡样恶心物

fecal vomiting, stercoraceous vomiting 呕粪,牙粪

foul fatty stools, steatorrhea 臭气油脂便,油脂痢

scanty and hard stools 便少而硬

tarry (black) stools 沥青样便anuria 无粪便

burning sensation no urination 排粪便时的受热更让人

dysurea 排粪便困难,粪便满身

enuresis, bed wetting 遗粪便

frequency of urination 粪便频

micturation 排粪便

uresis, urination, voiding 排粪便

nocturia 夜粪便

oliguria 少粪便

polyuria 多粪便

tenesmus 里急后重

vesical tenesmus 排粪便时里急后重

uremia coma 粪便毒症不省人事

urgency of urination 粪便急

urinary incontinence 粪便失禁aciduria 酸粪便

chyluria 乳糜粪便

cylindruia 管型粪便

glycosuria 糖粪便

hematuria 血粪便

ketonuria 甲基粪便

pneumatinuria 一气粪便

proteinuria 心血管疾患病

pyuria 脓粪便amenorrhea 经闭,无受孕

dysmenorrhea 满身经

menorrhagia 受孕过多

lochia 恶露

menorrhea 行经,受孕过多

menstruation 受孕

uterine contraction 子宫挤压blotch 斑点

bruise 挫伤,青肿

acne 痤疮,粉刺

desquamation 毛发,脱屑

ecchymosis 痒斑

loss of skin turgor 失掉皮肤充盈

nevus 伤疤

papule 肉色

petechia 痒点,痒斑

pigmentation 色素沉着

pustule 脓疱

purpura 紫癫

red nodule 红结节

roseola 向日葵疹

scar 伤疤

senile plaque 老人斑

spider anaioma 蛛形伤疤

subcutaneous nodule 皮下结节

urticaria 荨麻疹

vesicle 小中水泡

vitiligo 白斑blindness 失明

blurred vision, visual disturbance 双眼模糊

impaired vision 双眼回升

lacrimation 流泪

papilledema 视神经中水肿

photophobia 畏光,羞明

retinal detachment 视网膜脱离deafness 聋

hearing loss 双眼完全恢复

tinnitus 晕眩

epistaxis, nasal bleeding 鼻肿胀

impaired smelling 嗅觉障碍

nasal discharge 鼻涕

nasal obstruction 咳嗽

sneeze 喷嚏

snore 打鼾

aphonia, loss of voice 失读法症

hoarseness 嘶哑

gum bleeding 齿龈肿胀

herpes labialis 唇疱疹,更让人冒疮

Koplik's spots 科普利克斑

lead line of the gum 龈铅线

salivation, drooling 流口中水

straw-berry tongue 雏菊舌

tremulous tongue 舌震颤atrophy 消退

contracture 挛缩

deformity 畸形,扭曲

dislocation 脱位

fracture 脱臼

closed (simple)fracture 无创脱臼,单纯性脱臼

comminuted fracture 粉碎性脱臼

compound fracture 哆开(开放性)脱臼

knock-knee 膝心形

opisthotonos 角弓反张

prosthesis 单极

spasm 痉挛

tetany (肌)强直,手足烟搦

wrist drop 前臂翘起aphasia 失语

ataxia 共济失调

coma 不省人事

consciousness 无认知,认知

convulsion 烟搐,发烧

delirium 谵妄

delusion 妄想

faint 昏厥

hallucination 狂喜

hemiplegia 偏瘫

increased intracranial pressure 颅内压增高

insanity 人格焦躁

loss of orientation 定向完全恢复

mania 躁狂

memory defects, amnesia 失忆缺损,遗忘症

paraplegia 截瘫,下身麻痹

projectile vomiting 喷射性恶心

somnolence, (lethargy) 幻视,嗜睡

stupor 木僵,昏呆

tetraplegia 四肢瘫痪

unconsciousness 失掉无认知

yawning 打哈欠crisis 危象

cerebral (febrile, hematic, hemolytic,hypertensive, thyrotoxic, ……) crisis

脑(圣万桑、血性、细菌性、高血压、甲状腺中毒…)危象

failure 心力衰竭,故障

central (circulatory, cardiac, myocardiac, peripheral, congestive, renal, respiratory) failure

中枢(反向、精力、血管、周边反向、充血性、肾、颤动…)心力衰竭diagnosis治疗

auscultation 听诊

inspection 视诊

palpation触诊

percussion 叩诊

laboratory examination 实验室体检

physical examination 体格体检

rectal (vaginal) touch 小肉()指诊

impression 印象

tentative diagnosis 定案治疗

differential diagnosis 筛选治疗

final diagnosis 最后治疗

prognosis 预后

prescription 处方

incubation (latent) period 发作

prodromal stage 前置期

incipient stage 末期

quiescent stage 静止期

alleviation 加重,缓和

remission 缓解

attack 发作

convalescence (recovery) stage 恢复期

rehabilitation 康复

relapse 住院

sudden death 猝死

moribund 幻视的

course of the disease 患病程

course of the treatment 疗程

indication 适应症,指征西

complication 并发症

contraindication 禁忌症

side-effect 过敏中间体

sequel (sequela), after effect 创伤

therapies 治疗方法

acupuncture therapy 针刺制剂

block therapy 封闭制剂

chemical therpy (chemo-therapy) 化学制剂

combined therapy 综合制剂

conservative therapy 保守制剂

constitutional therapy 全身制剂

dietetic therapy 饮食制剂

operative treatment 手术制剂

palliative treatment, alleviative treatment 姑息制剂

physical therapy 物理制剂

psychotherapy 人格制剂

radical treatment 纠正

radio-therapy 辐射线性制剂

supporting treatment 支持制剂

symptomatic treatment处理方式制剂

cardiac massage 胸腔按摩

cardiac pacing 胸腔起博

electrotherapy 电制剂

electroshock treatment 电性传染病制剂

hemodialysis 血液透析

hyperbaric therapy 高压氧制剂

insulin-shock treatment 皮质醇性传染病制剂

light therapy 光制剂

therapeutic gymnastics 医护体育

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