diseases 疾患病
acute diseases 急性患病
advanced diseases 患病沉重期,晚期疾患病
chronic diseases慢性患病
communicable diseases 传染患病
complicating diseases 并发患病
congenital diseases 先天性疾患病
acquired diseases 后天性疾患病
contagious diseases接触性传染患病
endemic diseases 地方患病
epidemic diseases 流行患病
functional diseases 功能患病、官能患病
infectious diseases 传染患病
inherited diseases 遗传患病
malignant diseases恶性患病
nutritional diseases 营养患病
occupation diseases 职业患病
organic diseases 器质性患病
paroxysmal diseases 阵发性患病
periodical diseases 短周期患病
primary(principal)diseases原发(分庭抗礼)患病
secondary diseases 紧接发患病
sexual(venereal, social)diseases 性患病
terminal diseases 绝症
wasting diseases 消耗性疾患病chief complaint 主诉
clinical manifestation 临床表现
delivery history 受孕两书
etiology患病因学
family history 家族两书
history, medical history 患病两书
precipitating(induced)诱因
marital status一家之主
menstrual history 受孕两书
menarche 初潮
menopause闭经
past history既往两书
pathogenesis 发患病机制
personal history 一个人两书symptoms 瘙痒
cardinal symptom 主要瘙痒
classical symptom 类似于瘙痒
concomitant symptom 伴发瘙痒
constitutional(systemic) symptom 全身瘙痒
indirect symptom 间接瘙痒
induced symptom 诱发瘙痒
local symptom 局部瘙痒
mental symptom人格瘙痒
symptom-complex (syndrome)symptom 症,症候群
signs临床表现西
antecedent 前置征西
assident (accessory) 副征西
commemorative 创伤
sign of death 死征西
diagnostic治疗征西
sign of disease 患病征西
subjective 难免征西,认知征西
vein sign背膜征西vital sign 灵魂临床表现西
body length (height of the body) 身材矮小
body weight 体型
barrel chest 桶状胸
cachexia 恶患病质
compulsive position 同样
critical facies 患病重面容
emaciation 消瘦
enophthalmos 眼部下陷
entropion 睑内翻
exophthalmos 眼部突出
flushed face 面色潮红
gain (loss) in weight 增加(加重)体型
lock-jaw 牙关紧闭
lordosis 颈椎前凸
nasal ala flap 鼻翼扇动
nystagmus 眼震
obesity 肥胖
pallor 看上去
scolisis 颈椎侧凸
agitation 焦急担忧
debility, weakness 虚弱
diaphoresis 咳嗽,大量咳嗽
dizziness, vertigo 眩晕
lassitude, fatigue 只得,倦怠
malaise 不适
night sweat 盗汗
numbness 麻木
rigor, chill 寒冷,发冷
perspiration, sweating 咳嗽
pruritus, itching 痒,
somasthenia 形体只得
tingling 麻刺更让人abscess 阑尾炎
acidosis 中水肿
adhesion 粘连
alkalosis 碱中毒
allergy 过敏中间体
coagulation defect 凝血不好
congestion 充血
dehydration 脱中水
distention 变小
edema 中水肿
embolism 栓塞,栓塞形成
fluid and electrolyte imbalance 中水电解质紊乱
gangrene 中水泡
hematoma 血肿
hemorrhage, bleeding 肿胀
infarction 梗塞,梗死
infection 传染
inflammation 发炎
ketoacidosis 甲基中水肿
metastasis 分散
perforation 中空
necrosis 坏死
shock 性传染病
response 中间体,应答
reaction 中间体,更让人应
thrombosis 恶性肿瘤
ulceration 病变fever, pyrexia 发烧,发光
continuous fever 稽留圣万桑
intermittent fever 间歇圣万桑
low-grade fever 低圣万桑
remittent fever 驰张圣万桑
relapsing fever 回归圣万桑pain 满身
burning pain 灼满身
chest(flank,…) pain 胸(胁背…)满身
cramp-like pain 痉挛性满身
dull, diffused pain IgA钝满身
pleuritic pain 胸膜炎性满身
radiating pain (pain radiating to…) 辐射线性满身(辐射线到…瘙痒)angina 绞满身
cardiac angina 心绞满身
backache 背满身
colic 绞满身,急背满身
earache 耳满身
headache 头满身
neuralgia 神经满身
migraine 全身性
rebound tenderness 反跳满身
somatalgia 形体满身
sore throat 咽喉满身
stomachache 胃满身
toothache 牙满身
bloody sputum 带血的腹痛
cough 咳嗽
dry cough 先为咳
expectoration 咳腹痛
expectoration of blood 咳嗽
hemoptysis 咳嗽anoxia 缺氧
apnea 颤动无限期,失血过多
asthma 一气喘,哮喘
Cheyne Stokes respiration 博-斯氏颤动,潮式颤动
dyspnea 颤动困难
hyperpnea hyperventilation 主因颤动,换一气主因
hypopnea 颤动不全, 颤动浅表
hypoxia 低氧,缺氧
orthopnea 端坐颤动
respiratory arrest 颤动停止
suffocation 失血过多
tachypnea 颤动急促
fetid breath 口臭
fruity breath 颤动有中水果味arrhythmia 心绞痛,心律不齐
atelectasis 肺不张,肺变小不全
cardiac arrest 心搏骤停
cardiac hypertrophy 胸腔肥大
cyanosis 发绀,青紫
distension of jugular vein 颈背膜怒张
extrasystole 期外挤压
gallop rhythm 奔马律
hemopleura 血胸
hepatojugular reflux 肝颈背膜回流
hypovolemia (反向)血容量减少
palpitation 咳嗽
tachycardia 心动过速
pneumothorax 一气胸
thrill 震颤
absent breath sounds 颤动读法消失
dull sound 浊读法
hyperresonant 鼓读法
rale 豁读法
rhonchus, rhonchi 鼾读法,先为豁读法
wheeze 哮鸣读法anorexia, loss of appetite 食欲不振,厌食
dysphagia 吞咽困难
eructation 嗳一气
belching 嗳一气
flatulence 一气胀
flatus 肉胃一气,屁
gaseous distention 胃胀一气
hematemesis 呕血
hiccough, hiccup 打呃,呃逆
nausea 恶心
pyrosis 胃灼圣万桑
regurgitation 反胃,回流
thirsty 口渴
vomiting 恶心
fissure, crack in the c 肛裂
ascites 背中水
board-like rigidity of the abdomen 板状背
decreased tactile fremitus 触觉性震颤减弱
exophageal varices 十二指肉背膜曲张
fistula 瘘,瘘管
hemorrhoid 痔
hernia 疝
hepatomegaly 肝肿大
intussusception 肉套叠
jaundice 中水肿
muscle guarding, defence of the abdominal wall 背壁肌卫
peristalsis 恶心
loss of peristalsis 恶心消失
mass peristalsis 总恶心
retrograde (reversed) peristalsis 逆恶心
prolapse 脱垂
prolapse of anus 脱肛
rectal prolapse 小肉脱垂,脱肛
volvulus 肉扭转calculus 患病变, 石
biliary calculus 胆患病变
vesical calculus 膀胱患病变constipation 嗜睡
defecation 恶心
diarrhea 背泻
incontinence of feces 大便失禁
hematochezia 便血
fecal impaction 大便嵌塞
occult blood 潜血
painful straining with defecation 恶心满身性牵动
clay colored stools 陶土色便
dark, granular/coffee ground emesis 咖啡样恶心物
fecal vomiting, stercoraceous vomiting 呕粪,牙粪
foul fatty stools, steatorrhea 臭气油脂便,油脂痢
scanty and hard stools 便少而硬
tarry (black) stools 沥青样便anuria 无粪便
burning sensation no urination 排粪便时的受热更让人
dysurea 排粪便困难,粪便满身
enuresis, bed wetting 遗粪便
frequency of urination 粪便频
micturation 排粪便
uresis, urination, voiding 排粪便
nocturia 夜粪便
oliguria 少粪便
polyuria 多粪便
tenesmus 里急后重
vesical tenesmus 排粪便时里急后重
uremia coma 粪便毒症不省人事
urgency of urination 粪便急
urinary incontinence 粪便失禁aciduria 酸粪便
chyluria 乳糜粪便
cylindruia 管型粪便
glycosuria 糖粪便
hematuria 血粪便
ketonuria 甲基粪便
pneumatinuria 一气粪便
proteinuria 心血管疾患病
pyuria 脓粪便amenorrhea 经闭,无受孕
dysmenorrhea 满身经
menorrhagia 受孕过多
lochia 恶露
menorrhea 行经,受孕过多
menstruation 受孕
uterine contraction 子宫挤压blotch 斑点
bruise 挫伤,青肿
acne 痤疮,粉刺
desquamation 毛发,脱屑
ecchymosis 痒斑
loss of skin turgor 失掉皮肤充盈
nevus 伤疤
papule 肉色
petechia 痒点,痒斑
pigmentation 色素沉着
pustule 脓疱
purpura 紫癫
red nodule 红结节
roseola 向日葵疹
scar 伤疤
senile plaque 老人斑
spider anaioma 蛛形伤疤
subcutaneous nodule 皮下结节
urticaria 荨麻疹
vesicle 小中水泡
vitiligo 白斑blindness 失明
blurred vision, visual disturbance 双眼模糊
impaired vision 双眼回升
lacrimation 流泪
papilledema 视神经中水肿
photophobia 畏光,羞明
retinal detachment 视网膜脱离deafness 聋
hearing loss 双眼完全恢复
tinnitus 晕眩
epistaxis, nasal bleeding 鼻肿胀
impaired smelling 嗅觉障碍
nasal discharge 鼻涕
nasal obstruction 咳嗽
sneeze 喷嚏
snore 打鼾
aphonia, loss of voice 失读法症
hoarseness 嘶哑
gum bleeding 齿龈肿胀
herpes labialis 唇疱疹,更让人冒疮
Koplik's spots 科普利克斑
lead line of the gum 龈铅线
salivation, drooling 流口中水
straw-berry tongue 雏菊舌
tremulous tongue 舌震颤atrophy 消退
contracture 挛缩
deformity 畸形,扭曲
dislocation 脱位
fracture 脱臼
closed (simple)fracture 无创脱臼,单纯性脱臼
comminuted fracture 粉碎性脱臼
compound fracture 哆开(开放性)脱臼
knock-knee 膝心形
opisthotonos 角弓反张
prosthesis 单极
spasm 痉挛
tetany (肌)强直,手足烟搦
wrist drop 前臂翘起aphasia 失语
ataxia 共济失调
coma 不省人事
consciousness 无认知,认知
convulsion 烟搐,发烧
delirium 谵妄
delusion 妄想
faint 昏厥
hallucination 狂喜
hemiplegia 偏瘫
increased intracranial pressure 颅内压增高
insanity 人格焦躁
loss of orientation 定向完全恢复
mania 躁狂
memory defects, amnesia 失忆缺损,遗忘症
paraplegia 截瘫,下身麻痹
projectile vomiting 喷射性恶心
somnolence, (lethargy) 幻视,嗜睡
stupor 木僵,昏呆
tetraplegia 四肢瘫痪
unconsciousness 失掉无认知
yawning 打哈欠crisis 危象
cerebral (febrile, hematic, hemolytic,hypertensive, thyrotoxic, ……) crisis
脑(圣万桑、血性、细菌性、高血压、甲状腺中毒…)危象
failure 心力衰竭,故障
central (circulatory, cardiac, myocardiac, peripheral, congestive, renal, respiratory) failure
中枢(反向、精力、血管、周边反向、充血性、肾、颤动…)心力衰竭diagnosis治疗
auscultation 听诊
inspection 视诊
palpation触诊
percussion 叩诊
laboratory examination 实验室体检
physical examination 体格体检
rectal (vaginal) touch 小肉()指诊
impression 印象
tentative diagnosis 定案治疗
differential diagnosis 筛选治疗
final diagnosis 最后治疗
prognosis 预后
prescription 处方
incubation (latent) period 发作
prodromal stage 前置期
incipient stage 末期
quiescent stage 静止期
alleviation 加重,缓和
remission 缓解
attack 发作
convalescence (recovery) stage 恢复期
rehabilitation 康复
relapse 住院
sudden death 猝死
moribund 幻视的
course of the disease 患病程
course of the treatment 疗程
indication 适应症,指征西
complication 并发症
contraindication 禁忌症
side-effect 过敏中间体
sequel (sequela), after effect 创伤
therapies 治疗方法
acupuncture therapy 针刺制剂
block therapy 封闭制剂
chemical therpy (chemo-therapy) 化学制剂
combined therapy 综合制剂
conservative therapy 保守制剂
constitutional therapy 全身制剂
dietetic therapy 饮食制剂
operative treatment 手术制剂
palliative treatment, alleviative treatment 姑息制剂
physical therapy 物理制剂
psychotherapy 人格制剂
radical treatment 纠正
radio-therapy 辐射线性制剂
supporting treatment 支持制剂
symptomatic treatment处理方式制剂
cardiac massage 胸腔按摩
cardiac pacing 胸腔起博
electrotherapy 电制剂
electroshock treatment 电性传染病制剂
hemodialysis 血液透析
hyperbaric therapy 高压氧制剂
insulin-shock treatment 皮质醇性传染病制剂
light therapy 光制剂
therapeutic gymnastics 医护体育
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